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Full doses lead to respiratory paralysis and require ventilation, This class of agents block acetylcholine receptors at motor endplates and its effects can be reversed by cholinesterase inhibitors, Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker with long duration of action and is most likely to cause histamine release, Two non-depolarizing blockers that undergo Hofmann elimination, which is useful for patients with renal and hepatic deficiency, Non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocker with long duration of action that can block muscarinic receptor in the heart, These drugs strongly potentiate and prolong effect of neuromuscular blockers, Inhalation anesthetics (isoflurane), antibiotics (aminoglycosides, tetracyclines), Depolarizing blocker that causes muscle relaxation and paralysis and can cause postoperative muscle pain, Two life-threatening side effects of succinylcholine, Drug for treating malignant hyperthermia associated with drug-drug interaction between halogenated anesthetics and depolarizing blocker, During Phase I depolarizing block this class of agents enhance muscle paralysis, but during Phase II block they may reverse muscle paralysis, Drug of choice for reversal of non-depolarizing neuromuscular blockade, Prevent mast cell degranulation (by blocking opening of Cl- channels), Growth hormone analog used in growth hormone deficiency, Somatostatin analog used for acromegaly, carcinoid, glucagonoma and other growth hormone-producing pituitary tumors, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analog used for infertility (pulsatile administration) or suppression of gonadotropin production (continuous administration), Competitive antagonists at gonadotropin releasing hormone receptors used to prevent LH surge during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation, Ergot dopamine agonist used to suppress prolactin release, Synthetic human corticotropin used for diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency, Agent used to stimulate uterine contraction and labor, milk letdowns, and control postpartum bleeding, Agent of choice for the treatment of hypothyroidism, An isomer of T3 which may be used in myxedema coma, Thioamide agents used in hyperthyroidism (2), Thioamide less likely to cross placenta, inhibits peripheral conversion of T4 to T3 in high doses, and indicated for pregnant women in 1st trimester, Propylthiouracil (PTU) mechanism of action, Can be effective for short term therapy of thyroid storm, but after several weeks of therapy causes an exacerbation of hyperthyroidism, Permanently cures thyrotoxicosis, patients will need thyroid replacement therapy thereafter. 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Plattform für die medizinische Biotechnologie in Deutschland . digoxin), Inhibit Na+/K+ ATPase and indirectly increase intracellular calcium and cardiac contractility, Atrial fibrillation and congestive heart failure, Phosphodiesterase (PDE3) inhibitors indicated for acute congestive heart failure; long term use is associated with increased mortality (2), Agent used in acutely decompensated congestive heart failure resembling natriuretic peptide, Mechanism of action of class I antiarrhythmics, Mechanism of action of class II antiarrhythmics, Mechanism of action of class III antiarrhythmics, Mechanism of action of class IV antiarrhythmics, Limiting side effect of class Ia and III antiarrhythmics, Most common side effects of quinidine that limits its use, Used as last line antiarrhythmic agents due to proarrhythmic property; strongest sodium channel blocker, Anti-arrhythmic agents that decrease mortality, Used intravenously for acute tachycardia during and post- surgery, Drug of choice for management of acute ventricular tachycardia, Antiarrhythmic effective in most types of arrhythmia, Class III antiarrhythmic that exhibits properties of all 4 classes, Thyroid dysfunction, corneal deposits, liver damage and pulmonary fibrosis, Antiarrhythmic that exhibits Class II and III properties, Life threatening cardiac event that prolong QT leads to, Drug of choice for narrow complex paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT), Activates G-protein coupled K+ channels in atrium, SA and AV node, Anti-arrhythmic with <10 second duration of action, Drug of choice for early after depolarizations (Torsade), HMG CoA reductase inhibitors are contraindicated in, Two side effects of HMG COA reductase inhibitors, Two parameters to obtain before initiation of statins, How grapefruit juice increases statin effect, Concurrent use of fibrates and statins increases risk of, Class of agents for cholestyramine, colestipol, colesevalem, Major nutritional side effect of bile acid-binding resins, Impair absorption of fat soluble vitamins (A,D,E,K), Side effect of fenofibrate and gemfibrozil, Mechanism of action involves indirect reduction of liver triglyceride synthesis (2), Cutaneous flush due to niacin can be reduced by pretreatment with, Inhibits intestinal cholesterol absorption by inhibiting Niemann Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1) Protein, Agent used to treat myocardial infarction (MI) and to reduce incidence of subsequent MI, Antiplatelet drug reserved for patients allergic to aspirin, Irreversible inhibitor of platelet P2Y12 receptors; effective in preventing transient ischemic attack, Phosphodiesterase inhibitor indicated for intermittent claudication (2), Block glycoprotein IIb/IIIa involved in platelet cross-linking (3), Vitamin K dependent anticoagulant with zero-order kinetics of elimination, Two anticoagulant used for prophylaxis and treatment of thrombosis in patients with heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, Thrombolytic used for acute myocardial infarction and ischemic (non-hemorrhagic) cerebral vascular accident (stroke), Lyse thrombi by catalyzing the formation of plasmin which cleaves fibrin, Side effect of tissue plasminogen activators, Pulmonary embolism, severe deep vein thrombosis, Thrombolytic that can cause allergic reaction and non-selective systemic fibrinolysis, Diuretic used as prophylactic for mountain sickness and glaucoma, Paresthesias, alkalization of the urine (precipitate Ca salts), hypokalemia, metabolic acidosis, and encephalopathy in patients with hepatic impairment, Diuretic used in hypertensive patients with renal failure, Loop diuretics (furosemide, ethacrynic acid, butmetanide), Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis and ototoxicity, Aminoglycosides used with loop diuretics potentiate this adverse effect, An electrolyte that is lost in the urine by acute treatment with loop diuretics but can be retained by thiazides, Mechanism of action of thiazide diuretics, Diuretic used as first line for treatment of hypertension, Class of drugs that may cause cross-sensitivity with thiazide diuretics, Hyperuricemia, hypokalemia, metabolic alkalosis, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia, Inhibit epithelial sodium channels in the distal convoluted tubules and collecting duct, Inhibit mineralocorticoid (aldosterone) receptor resulting in inhibition of Na/K-ATPase and ENaC synthesis, Diuretic used to treat primary aldosteronism, Diuretic used to reduce intracranial pressure, Antidiuretic hormone analog used for central diabetes insipidus and nocturnal enuresis, Agents used for syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion, An early generation tetracycline that may be used for chronic persistent syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH) secretion, Stunted bone growth and teeth discoloration for children under 8 years of age, Antibacterials for optimal treatment of acute uncomplicated cystitis (3), Nitrofurantoin, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, fosfomycin, Antibacterials for optimal treatment of acute pyelonephritis, Fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin), trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, Block cell wall synthesis by inhibiting transpeptidase and block peptidoglycan cross-linkage, Penicillins active against penicillinase secreting bacteria (3), Methicillin, nafcillin, and dicloxacillin, Cheap wide spectrum antibiotic drug of choice for otitis media, Class of antibiotics that have 10% cross sensitivity with penicillins, Beta lactam that can be used in penicillin-allergic patients, Drug of choice for treatment of serious pseudomembranous colitis, Binds D-Ala-D-Ala on murein monomers and prevent polymerization of the murein monomers, Antibiotic causing red-man syndrome, and prevention, Vancomycin, can be prevented by infusion at a slow rate and antihistamines, Decreases protein synthesis by binding to 30S ribosome and prevent binding of tRNA, Aminoglycoside less used due to its irreversible vestibular toxicity, Mechanism of action of macrolides (erythromycin, clarithromycin), Inhibit protein synthesis by binding to 23S rRNA of 50S ribosome subunit, Drug of choice for Legionnaires' disease (2), Drug notorious for causing pseudomembranous colitis, Drug that causes gray baby syndrome and aplastic anemia, Inhibits isoleucyl tRNA and used topically for impetigo, Drug of choice for giardia, entamoeba, pseudomembranous colitis (C. Match. Contraindicated in pregnancy, Used for the symptomatic treatment of thyrotoxicosis by blocking cardiac adverse effects, Beta-blockers such as propranolol and esmolol, Used for Addison's disease, congenital adrenal hyperplasia inflammation, immune suppression, and asthma, Prednisone, prednisolone, methylprednisolone, and triamcinolone, Two glucocorticoids with mineralocorticoid action, Iatrogenic Cushing's syndrome, hyperglycemia, impaired wound healing, osteoporosis, peptic ulcers, myopathy, adrenal suppression (> 2 week treatment), Inhibits conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone therefore inhibiting corticosteroid synthesis, Antifungal agent used to inhibit adrenal and gonadal steroid synthesis, Selective inhibitor of 11-hydroxylation and interferes with cortisol and corticosterone synthesis; used for adrenal function tests and is the only adrenal-inhibiting medication that can be administered to pregnant women with Cushing's syndrome, Glucocorticoid receptor antagonist that is used as an abortifacient due to its strong antiprogestin activity, Three rapid-acting insulin used for postprandial glycemia, Short-acting insulin used intravenously for ketoacidosis, Intermediate-acting insulin with variable pharmacokinetics; use is mostly replaced by long-acting insulin, Two long-acting insulin preparations that provide basal glycemia control, First generation sulfonylurea that is safest for elderly diabetics due to its short half-life, First generation sulfonylurea contraindicated in elderly diabetics because of very long half-life, Close K+ channels, depolarize cell, open voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, release insulin, Common side effect of first generation sulfonylureas, Disulfiram-like reactions with alcohol use, Common side effect of second generation sulfonylureas, A meglitinide insulin secretagogue that has no sulfur in its structure and may be used in type 2 diabetics with sulfonylurea allergy, A D-phenylalanine derivative insulin secretagogue that is useful for type 2 diabetics with very reduced renal function, Mechanism of action of repaglinide and nateglinide, First line drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, Decrease gluconeogenesis, peripheral glucose uptake; increase insulin sensitivity, Mechanism of action of thiazolidinediones, Activate PPAR-gamma, transcription of insulin-responsive genes, GLUT4 glucose transporter, insulin sensitivity, Weight gain, edema, heart failure, hepatotoxicity, Mechanism of action of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, Act on intestine, delay digestion and absorption of glucose, Side effect of alpha-glucosidase inhibitors (3), Amylin analog that delays gastric emptying and suppresses glucagon release, Two glucagon-like polypeptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs that increase insulin secretion and suppress postprandial glucagon release, Three dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors that reduce breakdown of glucagon-like polypeptide-1, resulting in increased insulin secretion and suppress postprandial glucagon release, Inhibits osteoclast activity and prevent bone resorption, Osteoporosis, Paget's disease, hypercalcemia, Major side effects of bisphosphonates (2), Corrosive esophagitis, osteonecrosis of the jaw, First generation bisphosphonate when used long-term causes osteomalacia, May be used intranasally to decreases bone resorption, Vitamin given with calcium to ensure proper absorption, Its use can increase risk of endometrial and breast cancer, cause postmenopausal uterine bleeding, but can stabilize bone mineral loss, Antiestrogen drugs used for treatment of infertility in anovulatory women, Selective estrogen receptor modulator most commonly used for the treatment of breast cancer, Selective estrogen receptor modulator used for prevention of osteoporosis and invasive breast cancer, Common side effect of tamoxifen and clomiphene, Two estradiol derivatives with higher oral bioavailability and longer half-lives that are primarily used as oral contraceptives, Androgen receptor agonist used to treat hypogonadism and promote secondary sex characteristics, 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor used for benign prostatic hyperplasia and male pattern baldness, Partial androgen agonist used for endometriosis and hereditary angioedema, Androgen receptor antagonist used to treat prostate cancer, Androgen receptor antagonist used for hirsutism in females, A class of endogenous substances that include histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, and vasoactive peptides that work in autocrine or paracrine manner, Two peptide that increase capillary permeability and edema, Distribution of histamine receptors H1, H2, and H3, Smooth muscle and mast cells; stomach, heart, and mast cells; nerve endings, CNS respectively, Most common side effect of 1st generation antihistamines, 1st generation antihistamine that is highly sedating, 1st generation antihistamine that is least sedating, IgE mediated allergic reaction (allergic rhinitis, urticaria), Antihistamine that is indicated for allergies, motion sickness, and insomnia, Antihistamine with motion sickness as the only indication, H2 antagonist that causes the most interactions with other drugs, Acid reflux disease, duodenal ulcer and peptic ulcer disease, Location of serotonin type-1 (5HT-1) receptors, 5HT-1A receptor partial agonist indicated for generalized anxiety disorder; due to longer onset of action, is less effective for acute anxiety, 5HT-1D/1B agonist used for migraine headaches, Ergot alkaloid indicated for migraine headaches, Reason ergot alkaloids are contraindicated in pregnancy, Prolonged vasospasm and hallucinations resembling psychosis, Two drugs that may be used off-label for ischemia and gangrene caused by ergot alkaloids overdose, Serotonin receptor responsible for serotonin syndrome, H1 antihistamine with 5HT2 antagonist activity that is mostly used for carcinoid tumor but may be used to treat serotonin syndrome, Location of serotonin type-3 (5HT-3) receptors, 5HT-3 antagonist used for the prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, Ganglion blockers that were indicated (but not anymore) for severe hypertension (2), Two direct-acting cholinomimetics that increase aqueous outflow through ciliary muscle contraction and opening of trabecular meshwork, Two indirect-acting cholinomimetics that increase aqueous outflow through ciliary muscle contraction and opening of trabecular meshwork, Nonselective alpha agonist that decreases aqueous production, Selective alpha 2 agonist that decreases aqueous production, Three beta blockers that decrease aqueous production, Timolol (nonselective), betaxolol (selective), carteolol (nonselective), Carbonic anhydrase inhibitor used to decrease aqueous humor production, Prostaglandin 2 alpha analog used to increase aqueous humor outflow, Occurs when sedative hypnotics are used long-term, Increase frequency of GABA-mediated chloride ion channel (GABAA) opening, Main route of metabolism for benzodiazepines, Useful side effect of benzodiazepines in patients undergoing stressful procedures or surgery, Three benzodiazepines that are metabolized only by Phase II conjugation and therefore is useful in elderly patients, Two benzodiazepines that have active metabolites with long half-lives, Anxiety, insomnia, alcohol detoxification, status epilepticus, spasticity, Reason why benzodiazepines are safer than barbiturates, Benzodiazepines work only in presence of GABA, Increase duration of GABAA chloride channel opening, Most serious side effects of barbiturates, Respiratory and cardiovascular depression, Barbiturates may precipitate this hematologic condition, Barbiturates decrease the effectiveness of many other drugs via this pharmacokinetic property, Effect of benzodiazepines and barbiturates on sleep architecture, Three nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics that lack suppressive effect on REM and are preferred over benzodiazepines for the treatment of insomnia, Drug of choice for treatment of acute status epilepticus (2), Antiepileptic drug used as first line for trigeminal neuralgia, Antiepileptic drug that can induce CYP450, is teratogenic, and can cause diplopia, ataxia, and blood dyscrasias; follows first order kinetics of elimination, Drugs of choice for generalized tonic-clonic seizures (3), Mechanism of action of Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Antiepileptic agent that exhibits zero-order kinetics, causes fetal hydantoin syndrome, and induces CYP450, Gingival hyperplasia, nystagmus, diplopia and ataxia, Blocks sodium channels, T-type calcium channels, and increase GABA concentration, Drug of choice for myoclonic seizures that may also be used for absence seizures, Antiepileptic drug that can cause fatal hepatotoxicity and neural tube defects, Antiepileptic drugs that may also be used for bipolar disorder (3), Antiepileptic drug used also for pain of neuropathic origin, Serious side effect of lamotrigine that makes it require slow titration, Mechanism of action of opioids on analgesia (2), Activate mu receptors to 1. close presynaptic Ca2+ channels to inhibit neurotransmitter release, 2. open postsynaptic K+ channels to hyperpolarize cell membrane, Side effects of these drugs include nausea and vomiting, euphoria, dependence, tolerance, sedation, respiratory depression, constipation, Tolerance to all effects of opioid agonists can develop except, Morphine, methadone, meperidine, and fentanyl, Opioid that can be given PO, IV, IM, and intrathecal to relieve anxiety associated with pulmonary edema, Long-acting opioids used in the management of withdrawal states (2), Opioid that can cause hyperpyrexic coma with MAOI and serotonin syndrome with SSRI, Partial opioid agonist that has a long duration of action and is resistant to naloxone reversal, Opioids indicated for use as antitussive (2), Opioids indicated for use as antidiarrheal (2), Directly proportional to the potency of inhalation anesthetics, Inversely proportional to the potency of inhalation anesthetics, Inversely proportional to the rate of induction and recovery of inhalation anesthetics, Mechanism of action of inhalation anesthetics, Potentiation of GABA at GABAA receptors; also reduce Na and Ca influx, Currently the only non-halogenated inhalation anesthetic, Inhalation anesthetic with the most analgesic activity, Inhalation anesthetic with the least respiratory and cardiovascular depression and therefore is used frequently as a component of balanced anesthesia, Inhalation anesthetic that can cause fatal hepatotoxicity and cardiac arrhythmia and is no longer used in the US, Inhalation anesthetic that is withdrawn from the market due to fatal nephrotoxicity, Inhalation anesthetic that at high concentrations can produce CNS excitation, leading to seizures, Rare, but fatal side effect associated with combination of halogenated inhalation anesthetic and depolarizing blocker, Close to ideal inhalation anesthetic that exhibits rapid and smooth induction and recovery, with little organ system toxicity, Barbiturate used for the induction of anesthesia, A short-acting benzodiazepine commonly used adjunctively with inhalation anesthetics and opioid analgesics for a balanced anesthesia, Opioid safe for use of analgesia and anesthesia during cardiac surgery, Produces both rapid anesthesia and recovery, has antiemetic activity, but may cause marked hypotension, Produces dissociative anesthesia but has significant analgesic activity, Mechanism of action of the intravenous anesthetic that causes dissociative anesthesia, Side effects of dissociative anesthetic (3), Cardiovascular stimulation, increased cerebral blood flow, vivid dreams, hallucinations, Neuroleptanesthesia can be produced by a combination of these two agents, This condition may necessitate larger doses of local anesthetics because the drugs become ionized and cannot penetrate the neuronal membranes, Almost all local anesthetics have this property and sometimes require the administration of vasoconstrictors to prolong activity, The only local anesthetic with vasoconstrictive property, but due to abuse potential, only occasionally used for nasal surgery, This type of local anesthetic is more likely to cause hypersensitivity reactions, Ester-type (local anesthetic with one "I" in name), Local anesthetic most widely used for obstetric anesthesia but causes the most cardiac depression, Common side effect of antipsychotics, MPTP (contaminant in illicit meperidine analog), and cholinergic excess, Precursor of dopamine that can cross the blood-brain-barrier and used to alleviate motor dysfunction in Parkinson's disease, Inhibits peripheral DOPA decarboxylase, reduces peripheral side effects of dopamine precursor and enhances its delivery to the brain, Two fluctuations in clinical response associated with long-term use of dopamine precursor, Inhibits monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B), used as monotherapy for early or mild Parkinson's disease or adjunct to improve motor function in patients with fluctuations in clinical response, Inhibits of catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), used as adjunct to improve motor function in Parkinson's patients with fluctuations in clinical response (2), Ergot type 2 dopamine receptor (D2) agonist, used as adjunct to improve motor function in Parkinson's patients with fluctuations in clinical response, Non ergot type 2 dopamine receptors (D2) agonist, used for Parkinson's and restless legs syndrome (2), An antiviral that enhances dopamine release from nigrostriatal neurons, A centrally-acting anticholinergics useful for tremor and rigidity but have little effect on bradykinesia in patients with Parkinson's, Drug of choice indicated for familial or essential tremors, Two drugs that inhibit vesicle monoamine transporter used for Huntington's (2), An antipsychotic with dopamine receptor antagonist activity used for Huntington's, Three centrally-acting cholinesterase inhibitors used for Alzheimer's, Noncompetitive antagonist of NMDA receptors used for Alzheimer's, Three main classes of CNS depressant drugs of abuse, Alcohol, opioid, barbiturate/benzodiazepine, Agent that is metabolized by alcohol dehydrogenase or microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) to acetaldehyde; displays zero-order kinetics of elimination, Enzyme that is induced through chronic exposure to alcohol, may contribute to tolerance, Microsomal ethanol oxidizing system (MEOS), Complications of the gastrointestinal system associated with chronic alcohol use (4), Mallory-Weiss syndrome, hepatitis, cirrhosis, pancreatitis, Neurological abnormality caused by chronic alcohol use and thiamine deficiency, The most common neurologic abnormality in chronic alcoholics, Neurologic deficits (Peripheral neuropathy), Life-threatening alcohol withdrawal syndrome that peaks at 5 days after the last drink, Inhibits aldehyde dehydrogenase and used as deterrent for alcohol use, Opioid receptor antagonist used to prevent alcohol abuse, Competes for alcohol dehydrogenase and is used in methanol or ethylene glycol poisoning (2), Respiratory and CNS depression, pinpoint pupils, seizures, and needle track marks are symptoms of this intoxication, Opioid receptor antagonist that is used to treat opioid intoxication, may cause more rapid and intense symptoms of withdrawal, Sweating, dilated pupils, piloerection, and flu-like symptoms are symptoms of withdrawal from this class of drugs, Opioids used for long-term maintenance from opioid withdrawal (2), Short-acting barbiturates (pentobarbital), Two date rape drugs that work through enhancement of GABA receptors in the brain, Benzodiazepine antagonist used to treat benzodiazepine intoxication, Caffeine, nicotine, cocaine, amphetamines, Treatments available for nicotine addiction, Patch, gum, lozenge, bupropion, varenicline, CNS stimulant that acts by inhibiting reuptake of neurotransmitters; may cause pupil dilation, alter tactile sensation, irregular breathing, and cardiac toxicity, Amphetamine derivatives commonly abused (2), Methamphetamine (crystal meth), MDMA (methylenedioxymeth-amphetamine, or ecstasy), Drug of abuse that was developed as a dissociative anesthetic; intoxication leads to both horizontal and vertical nystagmus, analgesia, psychosis, delirium, and seizures, Synthetic ergot derivative that can produce perceptual hallucinations and used as an illicit drug; may cause paranoia, Active ingredient is tetrahydrocannabinol (THC); side effects include impairment of judgment, altered sense of time, increased appetite, and hallucinations, Use of all antipsychotic medication in this group of patients is associated with increased risk of deaths, Antipsychotics that repress primarily the positive symptoms of schizophrenia, Primary mechanism of action of typical antipsychotics, Common endocrine side effects of all typical antipsychotic drugs (2), Two low potency, typical antipsychotic drugs, Typical antipsychotic associated with retinopathy and cardiac toxicity, Common side effects of low potency typical antipsychotic drugs, Dry mouth (anticholinergic), sedation (antihistamine), hypotension (α1 block), Three high potency, typical antipsychotic drugs, Haloperidol, fluphenazine, trifluoperazine, Typical antipsychotic that can also be used for Tourette syndrome, Side effects more commonly associated with high potency typical antipsychotic drugs (4), Dystonia, akathisia, bradykinesia, tardive dyskinesia (extrapyramidal symptoms), Treatment for drug-induced acute extrapyramidal symptoms, Life-threatening side effect associated with typical antipsychotic drugs, Treatment for drug-induced neuroleptic malignant syndrome, Advantage of atypical over typical antipsychotics, Less extrapyramidal symptoms, more effect against negative symptoms of schizophrenia, Primary mechanism of action of atypical antipsychotics, Atypical antipsychotic that can produce potentially fatal agranulocytosis and increase incidence of seizures, Two atypical antipsychotics that can cause weight gain, Two atypical antipsychotics that can prolong the QT interval, Atypical antipsychotic that can increase prolactin levels and cause gynecomastia and irregular menstruation in men and women, respectively, Atypical antipsychotic that can also be used to treat irritability in autistic children, Mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants, Block serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake, Common side effects of tricyclic antidepressants, Autonomic (block muscarinic and α1), sedation, Tricyclic secondary amines that produce less sedation and autonomic side effects (compared with tricyclic tertiary amines) (2), Three life-threatening side effects associated with tricyclic antidepressants, Tricyclic antidepressant used for enuresis, Tricyclic antidepressant used in obsessive compulsive disorder, Tricyclic antidepressant with antihistamine effect and is indicated for insomnia, Class of antidepressants that has fewer sedative and autonomic side effects than tricyclic antidepressants and indicated for panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, social phobias, bulimia, obsessive compulsive behavior, and post-traumatic stress disorder, Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI), Four selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, Fluoxetine, paroxetine, sertraline, citalopram, Serious side effect of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors when used with other drugs such as monoamine oxidase inhibitors, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, or tricyclic antidepressants, Two selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, Class of drugs that is most useful in patients with anxiety, hypochondriasis, and depression that is refractory to other antidepressants, Mechanism of action of isocarboxazid, phenelzine, and tranylcypromine, Irreversible inhibition of monoamine oxidase A and B, A fatal condition that results from combination of monoamine oxidase inhibitors with tyramine-containing foods, Antidepressant that non-selectively inhibits neuronal reuptake; less likely to cause sedation, autonomic, cardiovascular, or sexual dysfunction; also used for smoking cessation, Antidepressant that inhibits serotonin reuptake but also antagonizes 5HT-2 receptors; causes priapism, Antidepressant that inhibits alpha 2, 5HT-2, and 5HT-3 receptors to increase release of norepinephrine and serotonin, First line drug for classic bipolar disorder with euphoric mania, Tremor, hypothyroidism, nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, fetal cardiac defects, Antineoplastic folic acid analog that inhibits dihydrofolate reductase, Antineoplastic pyrimidine analog that inhibits thymidylate synthetase, Antineoplastic pyrimidine analog that inhibits DNA polymerase, Serious side effect associated with cytarabine, Three antineoplastic purine analogs that inhibit purine synthesis, Azathioprine, 6-mercaptopurine, 6-thioguanine, Drug used concurrently with antineoplastics to reduce renal precipitation of urates, Two antineoplastics that require dose-reduction in patients who are taking allopurinol, Inhibits microtubule formation by binding to β-tubulin; dose-limiting side effect is bone marrow suppression, Inhibits microtubule formation by binding to β-tubulin; dose-limiting side effect is neurotoxicity, Hyperstabilizes microtubule polymer and prevents microtubule breakdown, Two prodrugs, that after liver bioactivation, bind to N7 nitrogen of guanine and cross-link DNA, Serious side effect of cyclophosphamide and ifosfamide due to generation of acrolein, Agent that is used to bind acrolein and prevent drug-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, Nitrosureas that spontaneously form active intermediates that cross-link DNA; can cross blood-brain-barrier and is indicated for brain tumors, Alkylating agent that has greater activity against myeloid cells than lymphoid cells; serious side effects include myelosuppression and pulmonary fibrosis, Two anthracyclines that chelate DNA, form free radicals, and cause dose-limiting cardiotoxicity, Iron-chelator that is used to protect against anthracycline-induced cardio-toxicity, DNA intercalating agent useful for treatment of solid tumors in children, DNA intercalating agent with minimal myelosuppression that induces formation of free radicals; dose-limiting side effects include pulmonary fibrosis and mucocutaneous reactions, Antineoplastic with G2 phase cell cycle selectivity, Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor with S phase cell cycle selectivity that is used for management of sickle cell anemia, Platinum-derivatives that form DNA intrastrand cross-links; causes dose-limiting nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, Two antineoplastics that inhibit topoisomerase I, Two antineoplastics that inhibit topoisomerase II, Inhibits BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase expressed by the Philadelphia chromosome in chronic myeloid leukemia, Inhibits BRAF kinase in melanomas with BRAF V600E mutation, Chimeric monoclonal antibody against CD20 antigen found on non-Hodgkin lymphomas and normal B lymphocytes, Recombinant human monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Recombinant human monoclonal antibody against human epidermal growth factor-2 (HER2) receptor; useful for breast cancer cells that overexpress HER2, Gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist that can be used to inhibit luteinizing hormone secretion and testosterone production in men with advanced prostate cancer, Two most commonly used glucocorticoids for cancer due to their lymphotoxic effects; may cause Cushing-like symptoms, Increase activity of cytotoxic cells and indicated for hairy cell leukemia, Agent used for hypochromic microcytic anemias, Agent used for megaloblastic anemia (but does not reverse neurologic symptoms) and decrease neural tube defects during pregnancy, Agent used for megaloblastic anemia with neurological deficits, Agent used for anemias (especially with renal failure), Agent used for neutropenia associated with cancer chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation (2), Filgrastim (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) and sargramostim (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor).